Idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus: Pathophysiology and diagnosis by CSF biomarkers.

Jeppsson A, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Wikkelso C.
Journal   Neurology
Species  
Analytes Measured   , , , IL-10 , IL-8 , MCP-1 , APP
Matrix Tested   Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Year   2013
Volume  
Page Numbers  
Application   Alzheimers
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This observational study aimed to explore the pathophysiology of idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) and to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of CSF biomarkers.

METHODS: Lumbar CSF of patients with iNPH and healthy elderly individuals (HI) and ventricular CSF (VCSF) from the patients with iNPH pre and 6 months postsurgery were analyzed by ELISA. We analyzed neurofilament light protein (NFL), myelin basic protein (MBP), a panel of β-amyloid isoforms (Aβ38, Aβ40, and Aβ42), soluble amyloid precursor protein (sAPP) isoforms sAPPα and sAPPβ, total and phosphorylated tau protein (t- and p-tau), and inflammatory markers interleukin 8, interleukin 10, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1.

RESULTS: NFL was elevated and amyloid precursor protein (APP)-derived proteins and tau proteins were lower in patients with iNPH than in HI. Postsurgery, there was an increase of NFL, APP-derived proteins, p-tau, and albumin in VCSF, whereas levels of MBP and t-tau had decreased. Improved patients showed a greater increase of APP-derived proteins in VCSF following shunting than did those who did not improve.

CONCLUSIONS: We interpret our data as iNPH pathophysiology to be characterized by a reduced periventricular metabolism and axonal degeneration but no major cortical damage.

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