Mumps and ovarian cancer: modern interpretation of an historic association.

Cramer, D.W., Vitonis, A.F., Pinheiro, S.P., McKolanis, J.R., Fichorova, R.N., Brown, K.E., Hatchette, T.F., Finn, O.J.
Journal   Cancer Causes Control.
Species  
Analytes Measured   Cancer Antigen 125
Matrix Tested   Serum
Year   2010
Volume   21
Page Numbers   1193-201
Application   Cytokines and Chemokines
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic studies found childhood mumps might protect against ovarian cancer. To explain this association, we investigated whether mumps might engender immunity to ovarian cancer through antibodies against the cancer-associated antigen MUC1 abnormally expressed in the inflamed parotid gland.

METHODS: Through various health agencies, we obtained sera from 161 cases with mumps parotitis. Sera were obtained from 194 healthy controls. We used an ELISA to measure anti-MUC1 antibodies and electro-chemiluminescence assays to measure MUC1 and CA 125. Log-transformed measurements were analyzed by t-tests, generalized linear models, and Pearson or Spearman correlations. We also conducted a meta-analysis of all published studies regarding mumps and ovarian cancer.

RESULTS: Adjusting for assay batch, age, and sex, the level of anti-MUC1 antibodies was significantly higher in mumps cases compared to controls (p = 0.002). Free circulating levels of CA 125, but not MUC1, were also higher in cases (p = 0.02). From the meta-analysis, the pooled odds ratio estimate (and 95% CI) for the mumps and ovarian cancer association was 0.81 (0.68-0.96) (p = 0.01).

CONCLUSION: Mumps parotitis may lead to expression and immune recognition of a tumor-associated form of MUC1 and create effective immune surveillance of ovarian cancer cells that express this form of MUC1.

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