Glutathione S-transferase P1 Ile105Val polymorphism modulates allergen-induced airway inflammation in human atopic asthmatics in vivo

Hoskins A, Wu P, Reiss S, Dworski R.
Journal   Clinical & Experimental Allergy
Species  
Analytes Measured   IL-10 , IL-12 p70 , IL-13 , IL-4 , IL-5 , IL-8
Matrix Tested   Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid
Year   2013
Volume  
Page Numbers  
Application   Cytokines and Chemokines
Abstract
Background: Glutathione S-transferase P1 is a Phase II cytoprotective and detoxifying enzyme that is widely expressed in human airways. The glutathione S-transferase P1 Ile105Val polymorphism has been linked with atopic disorders and asthma. Yet, little is known about the regulation of allergic inflammation by glutathione S-transferase P1 in human asthmatics.

Objective: To establish the effect of the glutathione S-transferase P1 Ile105Val polymorphism on allergen-induced airway inflammation and oxidant stress, and nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine and reactivity to specific allergen in mild human atopic asthmatics in vivo.

Methods: Five Val105/Val105, twelve Val105/Ile105, and twenty Ile105/Ile105 mild atopic asthmatics underwent methacholine challenge, inhaled allergen challenge, and endobronchial allergen provocation through a bronchoscope. A panel of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, F2-isoprostanes and isofuranes, markers of oxidative stress, thromboxane B2, and immunoglobulin E were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid at baseline and 24 hrs after allergen instillation.

Results: Asthmatics with glutathione S-transferase P1 Val105/Val105 compared to asthmatics with the glutathione S-transferase P1 Val105/Ile105 and Ile105/Ile105 had greater generation of acute phase cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, CXCL8), IL-12, CCL11, thromboxane B2, and immunoglobulin E at 24 hrs after local allergen challenge. The GSTP1 genotype had no effect on airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine and the reactivity to specific allergen.

Conclusion: The glutathione S-transferase P1 Ile105Val polymorphism markedly modifies allergen-provoked airway inflammation in atopic asthmatics in vivo. Modulation of the biochemical milieu in response to allergen provides a mechanistic explanation for regulatory effects of glutathione S-transferase P1 polymorphism on airway pathophysiology, and may guide improvement of future therapeutic methods in human atopic asthmatics. These findings must me confirmed in a larger study population of asthmatics with various ethnicities.

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