Beneficial effects of parenteral GLP-1 delivery by cell therapy in insulin-deficient streptozotocin diabetic mice.

Vasu S, Moffett RC, McCluskey JT, Hamid MH, Irwin N, Flatt PR.
Journal   Gene Ther.
Species  
Analytes Measured   GLP-1 , Glucagon
Matrix Tested   Plasma
Year   2013
Volume  
Page Numbers  
Application   Metabolic
Abstract
Parenteral delivery of long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) mimetics has received much attention as a therapeutic option for diabetes. However, cell therapy-based GLP-1 treatments may provide a more physiological regulation of blood glucose. The present study assessed the effects of chronic GLP-1 delivery by cell therapy, using the GLP-1-secreting GLUTag cell line, in normoglycemic and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. GLUTag cell aggregates were transplanted into the subscapular region of mice. Over 30 days, cellular transplantation gave rise to encapsulated and well-vascularized growths, which contained immunoreactive GLP-1. Cell implantation was well tolerated and had no appreciable metabolic effects in normal mice. However, transplantation significantly (P<0.001) countered excessive food and fluid intake in diabetic mice and maintained normal body weight. Circulating glucose (P<0.01) and glucagon (P<0.05) were significantly reduced and plasma insulin and GLP-1 dramatically increased. This was associated with significantly (P<0.01) improved glucose tolerance in diabetic mice. Histological examination of the pancreata of these mice revealed elevations (P<0.001) in islet and β-cell area, with reduced (P<0.001) α-cell area. Increased β-cell mass reflected the enhanced proliferation relative to apoptosis. These studies emphasize the potential of chronic GLP-1 delivery by cell therapy as a potential therapeutic option for diabetes.

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