Elevated levels of plasma angiogenic factors are associated with human lymphatic filarial infections.

Bennuru, S., Maldarelli, G., Kumaraswami, V., Klion, A.D., Nutman, T.B.
Journal   Am J Trop Med Hyg.
Species  
Analytes Measured   Angiopoietin 1 , Angiopoietin 2 , PlGF , Flt-1 VEGFR1
Matrix Tested   Plasma
Year   2010
Volume   83
Page Numbers   884-90
Application   Cytokines and Chemokines
Abstract
Lymphatic dilatation, dysfunction, and lymphangiogenesis are hallmarks of patent lymphatic filariasis, observed even in those with subclinical microfilaremia, through processes associated, in part, by vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs). A panel of pro-angiogenic factors was measured in the plasma of subjects from filaria-endemic regions using multiplexed immunological assays. Compared with endemic normal control subjects, those with both subclinical microfilaremia, and those with longstanding lymphedema had significantly elevated levels of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, and angiopoietins (Ang-1/Ang-2), with only levels of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and placental growth factor (PlGF) being elevated only if lymphedema was evident. Furthermore, levels of these factors 1-year post-treatment with doxycycline were similar to pretreatment levels suggesting a minimal role, if any, for Wolbachia. Our data support the concept that filarial infection per se is associated with elevated levels of most of the known pro-angiogenic factors, with only a few being associated with the serious pathologic consequences associated with Wuchereria bancrofti infection.

View Publications

Related Products

R-PLEX Mouse PlGF Assay
PlGF | Mouse
Singleplex
NEW
R-PLEX Mouse PlGF Antibody Set
PlGF | Mouse
NEW
U-PLEX Human VEGFR-1/Flt-1 Antibody Set
VEGFR-1/Flt-1 | Human
U-PLEX Human VEGFR-1/Flt-1 Assay
VEGFR-1/Flt-1 | Human
Singleplex
U-PLEX Human VEGFR-1/Flt-1 384-well Assay
VEGFR-1/Flt-1 | Human
Singleplex
U-PLEX Metastasis Combo 1 (human)
E-Selectin, MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9 (total), P-Selectin, VEGFR-1/Flt-1 | Human
Multiplex
R-PLEX Mouse VEGFR-1/Flt-1 Assay
VEGFR-1/Flt-1 | Mouse
Singleplex
R-PLEX Mouse VEGFR-1/Flt-1 Antibody Set
VEGFR-1/Flt-1 | Mouse
U-PLEX Human PlGF 384-Well Assay
PlGF | Human
Singleplex
U-PLEX Human PlGF Antibody Set
PlGF | Human
U-PLEX Angiogenesis Combo 1 (human)
FGF (basic), PlGF, Tie-2, VEGF-A, VEGF-D | Human
Multiplex
U-PLEX Human PlGF Assay
PlGF | Human
Singleplex
R-PLEX Human Ang-2 Assay
Ang-2 | Human
Singleplex
R-PLEX Human Ang-1 Assay
Ang-1 | Human
Singleplex
R-PLEX Human Ang-2 Antibody Set
Ang-2 | Human
R-PLEX Human Ang-1 Antibody Set
Ang-1 | Human
V-PLEX Plus Human Biomarker 39-Plex Kit
CRP, Eotaxin, Eotaxin-3, FGF (basic), GM-CSF, ICAM-1, IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12/IL-23p40, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17A, IP-10, MCP-1, MCP-4, MDC, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, PlGF, SAA, TARC, Tie-2, TNF-α, TNF-β, VCAM-1, VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGFR-1/Flt-1 | Human
Multiplex
V-PLEX Human Biomarker 39-Plex Kit
CRP, Eotaxin, Eotaxin-3, FGF (basic), GM-CSF, ICAM-1, IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12/IL-23p40, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17A, IP-10, MCP-1, MCP-4, MDC, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, PlGF, SAA, TARC, Tie-2, TNF-α, TNF-β, VCAM-1, VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGFR-1/Flt-1 | Human
Multiplex
Human Flt-1 Antibody
VEGFR-1/Flt-1
Human PlGF Antibody
PlGF
V-PLEX Plus Neuroinflammation Panel 1 Human Kit
CRP, Eotaxin, Eotaxin-3, FGF (basic), ICAM-1, IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12/IL-23p40, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17A, IP-10, MCP-1, MCP-4, MDC, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, PlGF, SAA, TARC, Tie-2, TNF-α, TNF-β, VCAM-1, VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGFR-1/Flt-1 | Human
Multiplex
V-PLEX Neuroinflammation Panel 1 Human Kit
CRP, Eotaxin, Eotaxin-3, FGF (basic), ICAM-1, IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12/IL-23p40, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17A, IP-10, MCP-1, MCP-4, MDC, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, PlGF, SAA, TARC, Tie-2, TNF-α, TNF-β, VCAM-1, VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGFR-1/Flt-1 | Human
Multiplex
V-PLEX Plus Angiogenesis Panel 1 (human) Kit
FGF (basic), PlGF, Tie-2, VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGFR-1/Flt-1 | Human
Multiplex
V-PLEX Human Flt-1 Kit
VEGFR-1/Flt-1 | Human
Singleplex
V-PLEX Plus Human PlGF Kit
PlGF | Human
Singleplex
V-PLEX Plus Human Flt-1 Kit
VEGFR-1/Flt-1 | Human
Singleplex
Angiogenesis Control Pack 1
FGF (basic), PlGF, Tie-2, VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGFR-1/Flt-1 | Human
U-PLEX Immuno-Oncology Group 1 (human) 384-well Assays
BAFF-R/TNFRSF13C, BCMA/TNFRSF17, CD20, CD27, CD28, CD40L (soluble), CD276/B7-H3, CTACK, CTLA-4, ENA-78, Eotaxin, Eotaxin-2, Eotaxin-3, EPO, FGF (basic), FLT3L, Fractalkine, G-CSF, GITR/TNFRSF18, GITRL/TNFSF18, GM-CSF, gp130 (soluble), Granzyme A, Granzyme B, GRO-α, HAVCR2/TIM-3, I-309, IFN-α2a, IFN-β, IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-2, IL-2Rα, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12/IL-23p40, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17A, IL-17A/F, IL-17C, IL-17D, IL-17E/IL-25, IL-17F, IL-18, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23, IL-27, IL-29/IFN-λ1, IL-31, IL-33, IP-10, I-TAC, LAG3, MCP-1, MCP-2, MCP-4, M-CSF, MDC, MIF, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, MIP-5, OX40/TNFRSF4, PD1 (epitope 1), PD1 (epitope 2), PD-L1 (epitope 1), PD-L2, PlGF, RANKL/TNFSF11, Tie-2, TIGIT, TLR1, TNF-α, TNF-β, TPO, TRAIL, TSLP, VEGF-A, VEGF-D, YKL-40 | Human
Multiplex
U-PLEX Immuno-Oncology Group 1 (human) Assays
APRIL/TNFSF13, BAFF-R/TNFRSF13C, BCMA/TNFRSF17, CD20, CD27, CD28, CD40L (soluble), CD276/B7-H3, CTACK, CTLA-4, ENA-78, Eotaxin, Eotaxin-2, Eotaxin-3, EPO, E-Selectin, FGF (basic), FLT3L, Fractalkine, Galectin-9, G-CSF, GITR/TNFRSF18, GITRL/TNFSF18, GM-CSF, gp130 (soluble), Granzyme A, Granzyme B, GRO-α, HAVCR2/TIM-3, HVEM/TNFRSF14, I-309, ICOS, ICOS-L/B7-H2, IFN-α2a, IFN-β, IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-2, IL-2Rα, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12/IL-23p40, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17A, IL-17A/F, IL-17C, IL-17D, IL-17E/IL-25, IL-17F, IL-18, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23, IL-27, IL-29/IFN-λ1, IL-31, IL-33, IP-10, I-TAC, LAG3, LIGHT/TNFSF14, MCP-1, MCP-2, MCP-4, M-CSF, MDC, MIF, MIG, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, MIP-5, MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9 (total), Nectin-4, OX40/TNFRSF4, PD1 (epitope 1), PD1 (epitope 2), PD-L1 (epitope 1), PD-L1 (epitope 2), PD-L2, Pentraxin 3, Perforin, PlGF, proMMP-9, P-Selectin, RAGE (soluble), RANKL/TNFSF11, RANTES, S100A12, Tie-2, TIGIT, TLR1, TNF-α, TNF-β, TNF-RI, TNF-RII, TPO, TRAIL, TSLP, VEGF-A, VEGF-D, VEGFR-1/Flt-1, YKL-40 | Human
Multiplex
U-PLEX Immuno-Oncology Group 1 (human) Assays
APRIL/TNFSF13, BAFF-R/TNFRSF13C, BCMA/TNFRSF17, CD20, CD27, CD28, CD40L (soluble), CD276/B7-H3, CTACK, CTLA-4, ENA-78, Eotaxin, Eotaxin-2, Eotaxin-3, EPO, E-Selectin, FGF (basic), FLT3L, Fractalkine, Galectin-9, G-CSF, GITR/TNFRSF18, GITRL/TNFSF18, GM-CSF, gp130 (soluble), Granzyme A, Granzyme B, GRO-α, HAVCR2/TIM-3, HVEM/TNFRSF14, I-309, ICOS, ICOS-L/B7-H2, IFN-α2a, IFN-β, IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-2, IL-2Rα, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12/IL-23p40, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17A, IL-17A/F, IL-17C, IL-17D, IL-17E/IL-25, IL-17F, IL-18, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23, IL-27, IL-29/IFN-λ1, IL-31, IL-33, IP-10, I-TAC, LAG3, LIGHT/TNFSF14, MCP-1, MCP-2, MCP-4, M-CSF, MDC, MIF, MIG, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, MIP-5, MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9 (total), Nectin-4, OX40/TNFRSF4, PD1 (epitope 1), PD1 (epitope 2), PD-L1 (epitope 1), PD-L1 (epitope 2), PD-L2, Pentraxin 3, Perforin, PlGF, proMMP-9, P-Selectin, RAGE (soluble), RANKL/TNFSF11, RANTES, S100A12, Tie-2, TIGIT, TLR1, TNF-α, TNF-β, TNF-RI, TNF-RII, TPO, TRAIL, TSLP, VEGF-A, VEGF-D, VEGFR-1/Flt-1, YKL-40 | Human
Multiplex
V-PLEX Human PlGF Kit
PlGF | Human
Singleplex
V-PLEX Angiogenesis Panel 1 Human Kit
FGF (basic), PlGF, Tie-2, VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGFR-1/Flt-1 | Human
Multiplex
Browse Our Products

By Analytes
By Applications
Search
Customer Service/Orders


Scientific/Technical Support


Instrument Support


Company Headquarters